Social Sciences vs. Humanities: What's the Difference?

As you embark on your journey towards pursuing a postgraduate degree, you're likely to encounter a myriad of questions. One that often arises is, “What’s the difference between social sciences and humanities?” This question is particularly common among prospective students considering a Masters degree in either discipline. Although both fields delve into aspects of human behaviour and societal constructs, they approach these subjects from distinct perspectives. Let’s break it down and clarify!

Social sciences are centred on the study of society, as well as the intricate relationships among individuals within various societal frameworks. Disciplines such as sociology, psychology, political science, and economics fall neatly under this expansive umbrella. The primary goal of social scientists is to understand the methods and mechanisms through which societies operate and to explore how individuals relate to one another within those settings.

For example, a sociologist might delve deep into the study of social structures and relationships, seeking to unearth how these frameworks influence community interactions. In contrast, an economist may focus on the intricacies of economic systems and how they affect human behaviour. The emphasis in social sciences is often placed on data collection, statistical analyses, and rigorous research methodologies, all aimed at uncovering patterns and trends that define various social phenomena. In this way, social sciences tend to adopt a more empirical and quantitative approach, grounding theories in observable data that can be measured and analysed.

By contrast, the discipline of humanities explores what it means to be human, investigating our cultural expressions and the myriad ways these manifest in everyday life. Subjects such as literature, history, philosophy, and the arts comprise this broad and enriching field. Scholars in the humanities engage deeply with the meanings, values, and beliefs that compose human culture, striving to interpret and understand these complex dimensions.

For instance, a historian’s work might involve reconstructing past events and narratives from various perspectives, unearthing the nuances of human experience through time. Meanwhile, a philosopher could engage in stimulating debates about morality, existence, and the nature of knowledge itself. Within humanities, the approach is typically more qualitative, focusing on analysis, interpretation, and critical thinking aimed at reaching a deeper understanding of the human experience and the factors that shape it.

• Social sciences: Investigate societal structures and relationships through empirical techniques, data, and statistical analysis. The focus is often on tangible evidence that can influence policy making and societal understanding.
• Humanities: Concern themselves with cultural and historical contexts, employing interpretative and analytical methods that uncover complexities in human expression. The emphasis here is on critical thinking and philosophical discourse rather than numerical data.

Objectives

• Social sciences: Aim to identify social patterns, relationships, and phenomena, often intending to inform public policy or provoke social change. They investigate the patterns of behaviour that can have significant socio-economic implications.
• Humanities: Seek to explore and interpret human culture, values, and experiences; focusing on understanding the ‘why’ behind human actions and beliefs. The goal is often to provoke thought and analysis rather than actionable conclusions.

• Social sciences: Courses might encompass subjects like social theory, quantitative research methods, and ethical considerations in conducting research. You may also be introduced to the foundations of sociology, psychology, and political frameworks that govern behaviour.
• Humanities: Courses in this area could cover topics such as literary criticism, philosophical ethics, art history, and intercultural communication. You will likely have opportunities to analyse texts and ideas critically, appreciating the richness of human expression through various eras.

Both degrees open the door to a plethora of career opportunities. Graduates from social sciences might find fulfilling roles in areas such as social work, market research, public policy, or education. Their skills in data analysis and understanding of societal structures are invaluable in many sectors.

On the flip side, those who pursue degrees in the humanities can carve out successful careers in journalism, education, museums, cultural management, and many creative industries. The critical thinking and analytical skills honed during humanities studies are often sought after by employers in a variety of fields.

Ultimately, the choice between social sciences and humanities hinges upon your personal interests and future career aspirations. If you're curious about how societies function, enjoy working with statistical data, and seek to make an impactful change in policy or social practices, social sciences may resonate with you more deeply. On the other hand, if you find yourself captivated by culture, literature, philosophy, or the arts, then the humanities might just be your ideal fit.

It's worth noting that many universities offer interdisciplinary programmes that allow you to explore both fields. This is an incredible opportunity to combine the analytical skills inherent in social sciences with the thoughtful critique that characterises humanities studies, preparing you for a broader range of career possibilities.